The Arbequina Olive Tree (Olea europaea 'Arbequina') is a popular cultivar of the olive tree, prized for its compact size, high productivity, and exceptional fruit quality. Originating in Spain, the Arbequina Olive Tree is a member of the Oleaceae family and has become a highly sought-after choice for both commercial and home growers worldwide.
The Arbequina Olive Tree is a small to medium-sized tree that typically grows to a height of 15-20 feet, with a similar spread. It has a dense, rounded canopy and features attractive, evergreen, grayish-green leaves that are lanceolate in shape and measure 1-2 inches in length.
This hardy cultivar is adaptable to a variety of growing conditions, thriving in both full sun and partial shade. It prefers well-draining soil and is relatively drought-tolerant once established. The Arbequina Olive Tree is also cold-hardy down to USDA Zone 8, making it suitable for a range of climates.
The Arbequina Olive Tree produces small, inconspicuous, creamy-white flowers that bloom in clusters called panicles in late spring. The flowers are hermaphroditic, containing both male and female reproductive organs, which allows for self-pollination. However, cross-pollination with another olive tree variety can increase fruit production.
While the flowers may not be showy, they play a crucial role in the development of the highly prized olive fruit, which is the primary appeal of this cultivar.
The Arbequina Olive Tree is renowned for its abundant and high-quality fruit production. The olives are small to medium-sized, with an ovoid shape and a smooth, dark green to blackish-purple skin when fully ripe. The fruit matures from late fall to early winter and is typically harvested by hand or using mechanical methods.
Arbequina olives are valued for their excellent oil content and mild, fruity flavor. The oil is often used in cooking and salad dressings and is recognized for its health benefits, being rich in monounsaturated fats and antioxidants. The olives can also be cured and consumed as table olives, making them a versatile and valuable fruit.
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